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AAS BOOKS ON MARS EXPLORATION 
AVAILABLE FROM UNIVELT, INC. 
PUBLISHERS FOR THE 
AMERICAN ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY
ORDER FROM UNIVELT, INC., P.O. BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92198 U.S.A.
Tel. (760) 746-4005; Fax. (760) 746-3139




JUST PUBLISHED BOOKS     [other books still available]


THE CASE FOR MARS VI: Volume 98,
Making Mars an Affordable Destination
[detailed content of volume 98]
Science and Technology Series, Ed. Kelly R. McMillen, 2000, 578p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-461-3) list price: $80.00, member price: $60.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-462-1) list price: $55.00, member price: $41.25

This volume provides a blueprint for manned missions to Mars and a continued presence on the planet’s surface, including what technology is required, and what kinds of precursor missions and experiments are required for this undertaking. Papers which do not appear in full are published as abstracts. These proceedings are based on updated papers which were originally presented at the 6th Case for Mars conference,  held July 17-20, 1996, Boulder, CO.

The volume is divided into six sections:

Chapter 1: building support for low-cost missions to Mars (Part I: rationale and program management);
Chapter 1: building support for low-cost missions to Mars (Part II: involving the public sector);
Chapter 2: essential technology and proposed infrastructure;
Chapter 3: reducing the cost of precursor missions: science and engineering;
Chapter 4: designing a habitable planet;
Chapter 5: working group reports.
Numerical and author index included.
[back to top]



 
THE CASE FOR MARS V, Volume 97
[detailed content of volume 97]
Science and Technology Series, Ed. Penelope J. Boston, 2000, 564p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-459-1) list price: $80.00, member price: $60.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-460-5) list price: $55.00, member price: $41.25

This volume provides a blueprint for manned missions to Mars and a continued presence on the planet’s surface, including what technology is required, and what kinds of precursor missions and experiments are required for this undertaking. Papers which do not appear in full are published as abstracts. These proceedings are based on updated papers which were originally presented at the 5th Case for Mars conference,  held May 26-29, 1993, Boulder, CO.

The volume is divided into six sections:

Chapter 1: planning for missions to Mars;
Chapter 2: surface exploration;
Chapter 3: human missions I: transportation concepts;
Chapter 4: human missions II: power and fuel systems on Mars;
Chapter 5: human missions III: terraforming;
Chapter 6: human missions IV: long-term habitation - Mars base concepts.
Numerical and author index included.

[back to top]


OTHER BOOKS ON MARS EXPLORATION STILL AVAILABLE


 
EXPLORATION OF MARS, Volume 15
Temporarily Not Available
[detailed content of volume 15]
Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, Ed. George W. Morgenthaler, 1963, 634p
hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-016-2) list price: $45.00, member price: $33.75

A few copies of this proceedings, based on a meeting which was held in 1963, are still available. Many pioneers and notables in Mars exploration concepts made presentations at this meeting.
Session topics included

(1) propulsion and orbit concepts for the Mars trip,
(2) vehicle designs for Mars trips,
(3) Earth return, re-entry: Mars trip guidance,
(4) life science aspects of Mars trips,
(5) communication and power supply for Mars trips,
(6) Mars exploration and missions,
(7) astronomical data on Mars and evidences of life and
(8) scientific value of Mars trips.

[more detailed content]
 
 


 
FROM IMAGINATION TO REALITY:
Mars Exploration Studies of the Journal of the 
British Interplanetary Society, 
Volumes 91 & 92,
     content of volume 91
content of volume 92
Science and Technology Series, A Collection of Articles on the Exploration of Mars (Republished from the Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, 1989-1997, selected issues/articles), Ed. Robert M. Zubrin, 1997
Volume 91 (Part I), Precursors and Early Piloted Missions, 388p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-426-5) list price: $70.00, sale price: $35.00; member price: $26.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-427-3) list price: $45.00, sale price: $22.50; member price: $17.00

Volume 92 (Part II), Base Building, Colonization and Terraformation, 376p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-428-1) list price: $70.00, sale price: $35.00; member price: $26.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-429-X) list price: $45.00, sale price: $22.50; member price: $17.00

Volume 91 (Part I): Section I contains 11 articles on precursor missions, including concepts for in situ resource utilization on Mars, sample return missions, in situ propellant production, water vapor adsorption reactor, diborane/CO2 rockets for use in Mars ascent vehicles, pH measurements of the Martian surface, Mars subsurface radar mapper, utilization of Martian atmospheric constituents by temperature swing adsorption, and Athena: a possible first step in a program of human Mars exploration. Section II contains 11 articles on early piloted missions, including human aspects, a day in the life at a Mars base, an Antarctic research outpost as a model for planetary exploration, Mars Direct, exploration strategies and the astronaut’s toolset, heat transfer for an internal combustion engine on Mars, space suits and life support systems for Mars Exploration, practical methods for near-term human exploration of Mars, future habitability of Mars, and footsteps to Mars: an incremental approach to Mars exploration. [detailed content]

Volume 92 (Part II): Section I contains 11 articles on base building, including resources for human settlement, use of regolith resources on Mars, rocket propellants from Martian resources, wind energy resources, Martian resources in a CELSS, Mars Habitation 2057, long range mobility on Mars, design considerations for a Mars solar energy system, polar exploration of Mars, an interplanetary transportation system for delivering large groups of people to Mars, and utility of geothermal power on Mars. Section II contains 8 articles on colonization and terraforming, including economic aspects of Mars colonization, terraforming by use of explosive force, biological aspects of the ecopoeisis and terraformation of Mars, genetic modification and selection of microorganisms for growth on Mars, conceptual solutions to the problem of plant growth in low concentrations of oxygen, environmental ethics and planetary engineering, technological requirements for terraforming Mars and ozone and planetary habitability. [detailed content]




 
THE CASE FOR MARS IV, 
The International Exploration of Mars, 
Volumes 89 & 90
content of volume 89
content of volume 90
Science and Technology Series, Ed. Thomas R. Meyer, 1997
Volume 89, Mission Strategy and Architectures, 790p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-418-4) list price: $80.00, sale price: $40.00; member price: $30.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-419-2) list price: $55.00, sale price $27.50; member price: $20.00

Volume 90, Considerations for Sending Humans, 502p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-420-6) list price: $70.00, sale price: $35.00; member price: $26.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-421-4) list price: $45.00, sale price: $22.50; member price: $17.00

These volumes provide a blueprint for manned missions to Mars and a continued presence on the planet’s surface, including what technology is required, and what kinds of precursor missions and experiments are required for this undertaking. Papers which do not appear in full are published as abstracts. These proceedings are based on updated papers which were originally presented at the fourth Case for Mars conference, “The International Exploration of Mars,” held June 4-8, 1990 in Boulder, Colorado.

Volume 89(Mission Strategy and Architectures) is divided into three sections: Part I, making the international case for Mars, includes chapters on space policy and international cooperation/international science objectives; Part II, mission strategy, includes chapters on philosophy, planning, architectures, infrastructure and engineering; Part III, technical considerations for getting to Mars, includes chapters on robotic and precursor missions, transportation systems and spacecraft, and advanced propulsion. Numerical and author index included for both volumes. [detailed content]

Volume 90 (Considerations for Sending Humans) is divided into three sections: Part I, considerations for sending humans, includes chapters on communications and robotic versus human presence and radiation; Part II, living on Mars, includes chapters on in situ resource utilization, habitability and life support, and Mars base and infrastructure; Part III, social perspectives, discusses Mars habitability and analogs. Numerical and author index included for both volumes.  [detailed content]


 

STRATEGIES FOR MARS: A GUIDE TO HUMAN EXPLORATION, Volume 86
content of volume 86
Science and Technology Series,
Ed. Carol R. Stoker, Carter Emmart, 1996, 644p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-405-2) list price: $70.00, member price: $52.50
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-406-0) list price: $45.00, member price: $33.75

This volume consists of 26 chapters, each prepared by a qualified individual(s) on a topic of his/her expertise. Anyone wanting a concise review of an all-around Mars exploration strategy will find this book of interest. Included are six chapters on making the case for Mars, six chapters on getting to Mars: interplanetary transportation issues, four chapters on living in space: the human element, five chapters on living and working on Mars, two chapters on science on Mars and two chapters on costs and benefits of Mars exploration. Numerical and author index included.


 

THE CASE FOR MARS I,   Volume 57
content of volume 57
Science and Technology Series, Ed. Penelope J. Boston, 1984, Second Printing 1987, 348p
Microfiche Only (ISBN 0-87703-198-3) $25.00, member price: $18.75
Volume 57 is based on the first Case for Mars conference held April 29 to May 2, 1981, Boulder, Colorado. Topics included are mission strategy, spacecraft design, life support, surface activities and materials processing, and social and political aspects.
[detailed contents]












 

THE CASE FOR MARS II,  Volume 62
content of volume 62
Science and Technology Series, Ed. Christopher P. McKay, 1985, 2nd Printing 1988, 730p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-219-1) $60.00,sale price: $30.00, member price: $22.50
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-220-3) $40.00,sale price: $20.00, member price: $15.00.

Volume 62, based on material derived from the second Case for Mars conference held July 10-14, 1984 in Boulder, Colorado contains sections on national and international aspects, precursor missions, science, Earth-Mars delivery systems, Mars surface technology, utilizing Martian resources, and human factors.

[detailed contents]













 

THE CASE FOR MARS III, Strategies for Exploration, Volumes 74 & 75
content of volume 74
content of volume 75
Science and Technology Series, Ed. C.R. Stoker, 1989

Volume 74, General Interest and Overview, 744p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-303-X) $75.00, sale price: $37.50, member price: $28.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-304-8) $55.00, sale price: $27.50, member price: $20.00

Volume 75, Technical, 646p

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-305-6) $70.00, sale price: $35.00, member price: $26.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-306-4) $50.00, sale price: $25.00, member price: $19.00

These volumes provide a blueprint for manned missions to Mars and a continued presence on the planet’s surface, including what technology is required, and what kinds of precursor missions and experiments are required for this undertaking.

Volumes 74 & 75 are based on material derived from the third Case for Mars conference, “Strategies for Exploration”, held July 18-22, 1987 in Boulder, Colorado. Volume 74 includes general interest and overview papers on (1) making the political case for Mars, (2) considerations for sending humans to Mars, (3) technical considerations for getting to Mars, and (4) living on Mars. Volume 75 consists of technical papers on (1) political and social issues, (2) issues for sending humans to Mars, (3) technical issues for getting to Mars, (4) living on Mars, and (5) workshop summaries.
 
 


 

THE NASA MARS CONFERENCE, Volume 71
 contents of volume 71
Science and Technology Series, Ed. Duke B. Reiber, 1988, 554p plus color section incl. 7 foldouts

hard cover (ISBN 0-87703-293-9) $50.00,sale price: $25.00, member price: $19.00
soft cover (ISBN 0-87703-294-7) $30.00,sale price: $15.00, member price: $11.00.

Extensively updated since the conference. Covers;

  1. our current knowledge and understanding of Mars: history, geology, volcanism, channels, moons, atmosphere, meteorology, water and other volatiles, biological and life questions;
  2. present and future unmanned exploration: 1988-89 Soviet Phobos mission, Mars Observer (mission and science), Mars aeronomy, seismic network, Mars sample return (mission and science), and Mars rover concept;
  3.  engineering issues and options for manned exploration: pathways, scenarios, transportation, technologies, and
  4. human dimensions: human factors, life support, living and working on Mars. Overview by Thomas O. Paine. Keynote by James C. Fletcher. Numerous illustrations.
  5. Index.



 
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Discounts: Individual members of the AAS, AIAA, BIS, DGLR, NSS, SSI, USSF, The Planetary Society, The Mars Society or of any IAF Society may take the member price discount. Please indicate which organization you are a member of when using the member price rates.

Payment Terms: Organizations (unless credit has been established) and all orders by individuals must be prepaid. We only accept cash, checks, money orders in U.S. funds, or Visa/MasterCard credit cards.

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[back to top]



 
 
CONTENTS 
(Volume 91, AAS Science and Technology Series, Part I: 
Precursors and Early Piloted Missions)

 Page 

Foreword vii 

Preface ix 

SECTION I - PRECURSORS  1

Concepts for In-Situ Resource Utilization on Mars: A Personal Historical Perspective (AAS 97-351), J. R. French 3 

Mars Multi-Sample Return Mission (AAS 97-352), Evgeny Ya. Shafirovich and Udo I. Goldshleger  9 

Report on the Construction and Operation of a Mars In Situ Propellant Production Unit (AAS 97-353), Robert M. Zubrin, Steve Price, Larry Mason and Larry Clark 19 

Mars In Situ Propellant Technology Demonstrator Mission (AAS 97-354), A. P. Bruckner, B. Thill, S. Anderson, D. Pasco and C. Willman 37 

Design of a Water Vapor Adsorption Reactor for Martian In Situ Resource Utilization (AAS 97-355), John D. Williams, Steven C. Coons and Adam P. Bruckner 59 

Diborane/CO2 Rockets for Use in Mars Ascent Vehicles (AAS 97-356), Robert M. Zubrin 75 

Measurement of the pH of the Martian Surface (AAS 97-357), M. R. Sims and A. A. Mills 83 

Mars Subsurface Radar Mapper (AAS 97-358), David T. Chappell 91 

Mars Sample Return Mission With ISPP (AAS 97-359), K. R. Sridhar 113 

Utilization of Martian Atmosphere Constituents by Temperature-Swing Adsorption (AAS 97-360), John E. Finn, K. R. Sridhar and Christopher P. McKay 127 

Athena: A Possible First Step in a Program of Human Mars Exploration (AAS 97-361), Robert M. Zubrin 143 

SECTION II - EARLY PILOTED MISSIONS 151

Exploration of Mars: The Human Aspect (AAS 97-362), V. Garshnek 153 

A Day in the Life at Mars Base 1 (AAS 97-363), Benton C. Clark 181 

An Antarctic Research Outpost as a Model for Planetary Exploration (AAS 97-364), D. T. Andersen, C. P. McKay, R. A. Wharton, Jr. and J. D. Rummel 199 

Crew Support for an Initial Mars Expedition (AAS 97-365), Yvonne A. Clearwater and Albert A. Harrison 211 

Mars Direct: Combining Near-Term Technologies to Achieve a  Two-Launch Manned Mars Mission (AAS 97-366), David A. Baker and Robert M. Zubrin 225 

Exploration Strategies and the Astronaut's Toolset (AAS 97-367), Robert C. Boyd and Benton C. Clark 241 

Heat Transfer From an Internal Combustion (Otto-Cycle) Engine on the Surface of Mars (AAS 97-368), Owen Gwynne 257 

Space Suits and Life Support Systems for the Exploration of Mars (AAS 97-369), Lawrence H. Kuznetz and Owen Gwynne 267 

Practical Methods for Near-Term Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 97-370), Robert M. Zubrin and David B. Weaver 289 

Exploration of the Future Habitability of Mars (AAS 97-371), Martyn J. Fogg 317

Footsteps to Mars: An Incremental Approach to Mars Exploration (AAS 97-372), Geoffrey A. Landis 339 

APPENDICES 351 

Publications of the American Astronautical Society 353 

Advances in the Astronautical Sciences  354 

Science and Technology Series 361 

AAS History Series 367 

INDEX 369 

Numerical Index (Volumes 91 and 92, Science and Technology Series 371 

Author Index (Volumes 91 and 92, Science and Technology Series 375 

 [back to volume 91]  [top of this page]


 


 
 
CONTENTS
(Volume 92, AAS Science and Technology Series, Part II: 
Base Building, Colonization and Terraformation)

 Page 

Foreword vii 

Preface ix 

SECTION I - BASE BUILDING  1

The Resources of Mars for Human Settlement (AAS 97-373), Thomas R. Meyer and Christopher P. McKay 3 

Survival and Prosperity Using Regolith Resources on Mars (AAS 97-374), Benton C. Clark 31 

Rocket Propellants From Martian Resources (AAS 97-375), J. R. French 43 

Wind Energy: A Resource for a Human Mission to Mars (AAS 97-376), Henry W. Haslach, Jr. 53 

Use of Martian Resources in a Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) (AAS 97-377), David T. Smernoff and Robert D. MacElroy 71 

Mars Habitation 2057: Concept Design of a Mars Settlement in the Year 2057 (AAS 97-378), Yoji Ishikawa, Takaya Ohkita and Yoji Amemiya  83 

Long Range Mobility on Mars (AAS 97-379), Robert M. Zubrin 99 

Design Considerations for a Mars Solar Energy System (AAS 97-380), David H. Atkinson and Owen Gwynne 117 

The Polar Exploration of Mars (AAS 97-381), C. S. Cockell 139 

An Interplanetary Transportation System for Delivering Large Groups of People to Mars (AAS 97-382), Gary A. Allen, Jr. 161 

The Utility of Geothermal Energy on Mars (AAS 97-383), Martyn J. Fogg 187 

SECTION II - COLONIZATION AND TERRAFORMING  229 

Terraforming Mars With Four War-Surplus Bombs (AAS 97-384), Robert Alan Mole 231 

The Economic Viability of Mars Colonization (AAS 97-385), Robert M. Zubrin 239 

Biological Aspects of the Ecopoeisis and Terraformation of Mars: Current Perspectives and Research (AAS 97-386), David J. Thomas 257 

Genetic Modification and Selection of Microorganisms for Growth on Mars (AAS 97-387), Julian A. Hiscox and David J. Thomas 265 

Terraforming Mars: Conceptual Solutions to the Problem of Plant Growth in Low Concentrations of Oxygen (AAS 97-388), Martyn J. Fogg 283 

Environmental Ethics and Planetary Engineering (AAS 97-389), D. MacNiven 303 

Technological Requirements for Terraforming Mars (AAS 97-390), Robert M. Zubrin and Christopher P. McKay 309 

Ozone and the Habitability of Mars (AAS 97-391), Julian A. Hiscox and Bernhard Lee Lindner 327 

APPENDICES 339 

Publications of the American Astronautical Society 341 

Advances in the Astronautical Sciences  342 

Science and Technology Series 349 

AAS History Series 355 

INDEX 357 

Numerical Index 359 

 [back to volume 92]  [top of this page]


 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
 
CONTENTS 
(Volume 89, AAS Science and Technology Series, 
Mission Strategy and Architectures)

 Page 

Foreword xvii 

Mars Overview Meeting Summary xxii 

Prologue.  The Rationale for Mars and Lessons from Apollo (AAS 90-318), Thomas O. Paine xxv 

PART I:  MAKING THE INTERNATIONAL CASE FOR MARS

Chapter 1.  Space Policy 3

The National Research Council's Review of NASA's 90-Day Study, "Human Exploration of Space" (AAS 90-289), JoAnn Clayton 5 

Productivity Influences on Planetary Landing Dates (AAS 90-290), Humboldt C. Mandell, Jr. 11 

Why Private Firms Can't Commit to Mars Projects:  Impediments to Private Sector Participation in High Risk Ventures (AAS 90-291), Mike H. Ryan 21 

Marketing and Legislation in Outer Space for Martian Resources (AAS 90-293), James J. Hurtak 29 

Chapter 2.  International Cooperation/International Science Objectives 49 

An Overview of ESA Scientific Interest in Mars Exploration (AAS 90-150), Philippe Masson 51 

A Manned Mars Exploration Program as a Human Endeavor (AAS 90-170), F. M. Friedlaender 53 

International Human Expeditions to Mars¾Suggestions and Mechanisms (AAS 90-172), Otto Steinbronn and Bruce M. Cordell 59 

A Near-Term Incremental Strategy for US/USSR Manned Spaceflight Cooperation (AAS 90-174), James E. Oberg 71 

The French Near Term Activities on Mars Exploration (AAS 90-164), D. J. P. Moura and J. Runavot 79 

Continuation of the Search for the Modern Life on Mars on Future Soviet Missions (AAS 90-155), M. V. Ivanov 83 

Interface Standardization:  A Jump Start to International Space Exploration (AAS 90-175), Alan J. Willoughby 97 

Workshop on International Cooperation (AAS 90-259), Gerda Horneck 105 

ESA Activities Related to Future Mars Exploration (AAS 90-162) (Abstract), A. F. Chicarro 111 

Overview of the Space Exploration Initiative (AAS 90-163) (Abstract), Douglas A. O'Handley 113 

Interest in Mars Exploration in India (AAS 90-165) (Abstract), C. T. Vanajakshi 114 

Global Exploration of Mars Through Multinational Teamwork (AAS 90-171) (Abstract), Alan J. Willoughby 115 

Mars Balloon - A Lesson in International Mission and Systems Analysis (AAS 90-173) (Abstract), Louis D. Friedman 116 

An Assessment of the Habitability of Mars (AAS 90-313) (Abstract), Christopher P. McKay 117 

An Overview of Soviet Scientific Interest in Mars Exploration (AAS 90-151) (Abstract), L. M. Mukhin 118 

Science Strategy for Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 90-152) (Abstract), Carol R. Stoker 119 

International Mars Forum in Japan and a Plan for Japanese Mars Exploration (AAS 90-153) (Abstract), Takafumi Matsui 120 

PART II:  MISSION STRATEGY

Chapter 3.  Philosophy 121 

An Architectural Approach Towards the Unmanned Exploration of Mars (AAS 90-176), Robert R. Cleave and Tom Heinsheimer 123 

A Heuristic Approach to Infrastructure Development and the Space Exploration Initiative (AAS 90-177), Matthew Fisk Marshall 137 

"If We're Going to Mars, Why Stop at the Moon?" (AAS 90-179), Ed Repic, Ron Jones, Greg Skruch and John Kehrbaum 149 

Chapter 4.  Planning 159 

Programmatic Hierarchies for Space Exploration (AAS 90-190), Brent Sherwood 161 

A Requirements Analysis Approach to Placing an Initial Expedition on Mars by 2010 (AAS 90-192), Henry R. Sterner 179 

A Participatory Planning Alternative for Mars Mission Design (AAS 90-180), Marc M. Cohen 203 

Space System Architecture Code:  A Tool for Planetary Mission Design (AAS 90-194), John Blandino, Darrell Jan and Bryan Palaszewski  221 

The Constructibility of Space Exploration Initiative Designs (AAS 90-252), Brent Helleckson and Steve Jolly 245 

Martian Exploration and the Triple Constraint (AAS 90-292), Malcolm A. LeCompte 257 

A Goal and Strategy for Human Exploration of the Moon and Mars (AAS 90-178) (Abstract), Donna Shirley Pivirotto 271 

Chapter 5.  Architectures, Infrastructure  and Engineering 273 

Mars Direct: A Simple, Robust, and Cost Effective Architecture for the Space Exploration Initiative (AAS 90-168), Robert M. Zubrin, David A. Baker and Owen Gwynne  275 

Mars 2000 - Why Wait? A Manned Mars Mission Concept Achievable by the Year 2000 (AAS 90-185), R. P. Reinert and M. A. Crouch 315 

A Straight-Arrow Approach for the Near-Term Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 90-166) (Abstract), Benton C. Clark 333 

Case for Mars II Architecture:  Direct to a Mars Base (AAS 90-167) (Abstract), Jim French 335 

The Great Exploration:  A Technology Development and Demonstration Program (AAS 90-169) (Abstract), R. A. Hyde, M. Y. Ishikawa, S. D. Nozette, M. Rendine and L. L. Wood 336 

Major Components of a Human Base on Mars (AAS 90-181) (Abstract), Owen Gwynne and Christopher P. McKay 337 

Starcraft Incentive Exploration (AAS 90-182) (Abstract), Buzz Aldrin 338 

Space Transportation Systems for Settlement of Mars (AAS 90-183) (Abstract), Gordon R. Woodcock 340 

Synthesis of a Space Infrastructure (AAS 90-186) (Abstract), Ronald M. Jones 341 

Proposed Concept for a Manned Mars Mission (M3) Program (AAS 90-187) (Abstract), Douglas Seitz, Jeff Danalek, Joe Filbert, Will McCarthy, Dave Philipp, Mark Schloesslin, Jon Schulz and Gus Thomason 342 

Mars on a Budget (AAS 90-188) (Abstract), Charles Edward Smith, Jr. 344 

The Importance of the Martian Satellites in a Martian System (SEI) Development Strategy (AAS 90-189) (Abstract), Chad Goodman, David Steller and Ron Jones 345 

A Mission Planning and System Integration Model for a Manned Mission to Mars (AAS 90-191) (Abstract), Curt Bilby 347 

A Plan for the Manned Explorations of Mars (AAS 90-193) (Abstract), Michael A. Minovitch 348 

The Development of a Resource Allocation Strategy for an Integrated Space Exploration Plan (AAS 90-195) (Abstract), Janet Gleave 349 

The Columbus Project (AAS 90-196) (Abstract), Bill Wedel 350 

Candidate Power Systems to Support Advanced Lunar and Mars Exploration (AAS 90-248) (Abstract), Vernon R. Larson 351 

Power System Commonality Considerations for NASA's Lunar and  Mars Initiative (AAS 90-249) (Abstract), Lee S. Mason, Robert L. Cataldo and Daniel G. Soltis 354 

Ultrahigh Temperature Nuclear Power MHD Concepts for Space Applications (AAS 90-245) (Abstract), S. Anghaie, E. T. Dugan, I. Maya, and N. J. Diaz  357 

Mars Mission Enhancements Made Possible With a Beam-Power System (AAS 90-246) (Abstract), Judith Ann Bamberger 358 

PART III:  TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS FORGETTING TO MARS

Chapter 6.  Robotic and Precursor Missions 361 

Information from Robotic Missions and the Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 90-212), Roger D. Bourke and Robert N. Mostert 363 

Exploring Mars by Balloon:  Results of GCM Simulations (AAS 90-215), J. B. Dalton and J. B. Pollack 373 

Snakerope Studies for the Mars 1994 Mission (AAS 90-216), Craig B. Christensen, Andrew L. Shumway, Brian G. Williams,Frank J. Redd and James N. Cantrell 399 

Mars Global Network Mission Lander Concept (AAS 90-225), Robert N. Mostert 415 

Mission Design for the Mars Global  Network Mission (AAS 90-230), Philip C. Knocke 425 

Field Geology Tools for a Manned Mars Mission (AAS 90-256), Robert C. Boyd, R. Briggs Cunningham, Claire M. MacLeod,Larry W. Mason and Michael G. Thornton 441 

Martian Regolith Sample Studies:  Lessons from the Acquisition and Analysis of Lunar Cores (AAS 90-226), Judith H. Allton and David S. McKay 459 

Robotic In Situ Science Technology for Mars (AAS 90-228), Brian Muirhead and Carlos Moreno 479 

Unique Soil Sampling System for Mars Penetrator (AAS 90-229), James R. Bilodeau, Christopher W. Byrne, Stephen J. Caravellaand Kristin C. Schad 491 

Foreign Soil:  Packaging Rocks from Mars (AAS 90-307), Earl Don Robinson II, Diana Twede and Gary Burgess 501 

MARSNET - A Concept of a Network of Small Mars Surface Stations (AAS 90-213) (Abstract), George E. N. Scoon 513 

Science Strategy for Robotic Missions to Mars (AAS 90-214) (Abstract), Matthew Golombek 514 

Dynamics of a Mars Surface Contacting Balloon/Payload System(AAS 90-217) (Abstract), Frank J. Redd and James N. Cantrell 515 

Volatile-Laden Martian Regolith Sealed in a Container: Using Martian and Terrestrial Sorbents to Manage Pressures (AAS 90-218) (Abstract), J. H. Allton 516 

Mars 1994 International Balloon Mission (AAS 90-219) (Abstract), Craig B. Christensen, J. Layne Larsen, Andrew L. Shumway, Brian G. Williams and Frank J. Redd 518 

Mission Engineering for the Mars Observer Mission (AAS 90-221) (Abstract), Suzanne R. Dodd 519 

Assessment and Selection of Martian Penetrator and Balloon Sites (AAS 90-223) (Abstract), James W. Rice, Jr., David A. Williams and Nathan Bridges 520 

Robotic Missions to Phobos (AAS 90-224) (Abstract), T. Iwata 522 

The Mars Egg:  A Combined Reentry Device and Surface Analyzer (AAS 90-231) (Abstract), Gregg Simon, Mark Tobias, Karina Wiese, and Mike Fisher 523 

An Overview of the Mars Rover Sample Return Mission (AAS 90-184) (Abstract), Stephen Bailey 524 

Alternative Concepts for Mars Sample Return Missions (AAS 90-227) (Abstract), Stephen Bailey 525 

Step by Step Approach to Exobiological Research on Mars (AAS 90-154) (Abstract), G. Horneck and C. Lindberg 526 

Identification of Chemical Traces of Life on Mars: A Reappraisal of the Sampling Aspect (AAS 90-156) (Abstract), M. Schidlowski 527 

Martian Paleolakes and Waterways: Exobiological Implications (AAS 90-159) (Abstract), David H. Scott, James W. Rice, Jr. and James M. Dohm 528 

Mars Sample Acquisition for Biology:  A Call to Arms for Diggers, Drillers, Pokers, and Haulers (AAS 90-157) (Abstract), Penelope J. Boston 529 

Evaporitic Salt Crusts:  A Martian's Oasis or Last Refuge (AAS 90-158) (Abstract), Lynn J. Rothschild and Rocco L. Mancinelli 530 

The Early Subsurface Hydrologic Evolution of Mars (AAS 90-160) (Abstract), S. M. Clifford 531 

ERA, A Facility to Simulate Martian UV-Climate (AAS 90-161) (Abstract), C. Lindberg and G. Horneck 533 

Using Robots to Support Human Exploration (AAS 90-311) (Abstract), Michael Sims and Nancy Sliwa 534 

Chapter 7.  Transportation Systems and  Spacecraft 535 

Autonomous Hazard Detection and Avoidance Sensor Concepts for Spacecraft Landing (AAS 90-234), Peter Tchoryk, Jr., Kurt Gleichman, Dwayne Carmer, Yuji Moritaand Milton Trichel 537 

Small Spacecraft Design for Mars Precursor Missions (AAS 90-235), Walter K. Daniel and John Kracht 553 

Small Spacecraft to the Planets (AAS 90-238), Robert E. Becker 561 

System Design of a Mars Ascent Vehicle (AAS 90-239), Scott Alan Geels 579 

Low Earth Orbit Nodes for Support of Exploration Missions--History and Current Thinking (AAS 90-240), Martin J. Kaszubowski and William M. Cirillo  599 

A Universal Orbital Docking and Berthing System (AAS 90-321), Oliver P. Harwood and Rex W. Ridenoure 613 

Atlas Centaur Upper Stages as an on Orbit Resource (AAS 90-317), C. Flint Webb 631 

Aerocapture Strategies for Mars Robotic Spacecraft (AAS 90-232) (Abstract), Stephen Bailey 637 

Entry and Landing Strategies for the Mars Rover Sample Return Mission (AAS 90-233) (Abstract), Mark Geyer 638 

A Single-Launch Mars Surface Sample Return Mission Using In Situ Propellant Production (AAS 90-236) (Abstract), Douglas Jones 639 

Report on Space Transportation Infrastructure Study (AAS 90-241) (Abstract), Douglas A. Comstock 640 

Design of a Modified Interplanetary Assembly (AAS 90-242) (Abstract), L. G. Lemke and M. A. Smith 641 

Allemande: Using Rotating Tethers With Cycling Spacecraft to Support Mars Operations (AAS 90-243) (Abstract), Bruce A. Mackenzie 642 

Earth-Moon Cycling Transportation Node for Missions to Mars(AAS 90-244) (Abstract), Eric L. Dahlstrom and Jennifer L. Avery 644 

Chapter 8.  Advanced Propulsion 645 

Solar Thermal Propelled Spacecraft for Mars Cargo Missions (AAS 90-198), M. W. Beall, R. J. Teeter, T. N. Tran and A. P. Bruckner 647 

A Case for Mars:  A Case for Nuclear Thermal Rockets (AAS 90-202), J. E. Neuman, D. H. Van Haaften, and W. W. Madsen 671 

Metallized Propellants for the Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 90-203), Bryan Palaszewski 677 

Mars Manned Fusion Spaceship (AAS 90-207), James Hedrick, Brent Buchholtz, Paul Ward, Jim Frueh, and Eric Jensen 699 

The Liquid Annular Reactor System (LARS) Propulsion (AAS 90-208), George Maise, Otto Lazareth, Fred Horn, James Powell, Hans Ludewig and Roger Lenard 709 

A Uranium-Mist Based Nuclear Space Propulsion System (AAS 90-197) (Abstract), S. Anghaie 717 

Using Lunar LOX to Conduct Mars Missions (AAS 90-199) (Abstract), Chuck Hepburn, Greg Skruch and John Kehrbaum  718 

Nuclear Rocket Propulsion Technology Status (AAS 90-200) (Abstract), William L. Kirk 719 

Propulsion for Rapid Transit Between Earth and Mars (AAS 90-201) (Abstract), H. D. Froning and Dr. Franklin B. Mead, Jr. 720 

High Energy Density Materials for Space Propulsion (AAS 90-205) (Abstract), M. LeCompte and M. Rosenkrantz and D. Konowslow  721 

Component Shielding Requirements for Mars Mission (AAS 90-206) (Abstract), E. C. Selcow, M. Todosow, H. Ludewig, O. Lazareth and R. J. Cerbone 722 

Particle Bed Reactor Engine Cycle Analysis (AAS 90-209) (Abstract), Timothy J. Lawrence and Ralph J. Cerbone 723 

Preliminary Design Considerations of Two Particle Bed Propulsion Reactors Suitable for Missions to Mars (AAS 90-210) (Abstract), O. Lazareth, S. Mughabghab, K. Perkins, E. Schmidt, E. Selcow, H. Ludewig and J. Powell 724 

Method for Carrying Out Particle Bed Reactor Size and Mass Estimates (AAS 90-211) (Abstract), S. Mughabghab, O. Lazareth, E. Schmidt, G. Maise, F. Horn, H. Ludewig and J. Powell 725 

APPENDIX 

Publications of the American Astronautical Society 729

INDEX 

Numerical Index 745 

Author Index 754 

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CONTENTS
(Volume 90, AAS Science and Technology Series, 
Considerations for Sending Humans)

 Page 

Foreword xiii 

Mars Overview Meeting Summary xviii 

Prologue.  The Rationale for Mars and Lessons from Apollo (AAS 90-318), Thomas O. Paine xxi 

PART I:  CONSIDERATIONS FOR SENDING HUMANS

Chapter 1.  Communications 1

Providing Adaptability in Mars Exploration Computer Support (AAS 90-305), Ned Chapin 3 

Mars Missions Telecommunications Challenges (AAS 90-302), David J. Bell and Mark A. Bobb 17 

Communications Needs for Mars Exploration: Operational Implications (AAS 90-303), Michael A. Jordan, Eric O. Basques, and Patricia E. Gould 29 

Chapter 2.  Robotic Versus Human Presence  41 

Orbital Assembly and Constructability Considerations of Candidate Manned Mars Spacecraft (AAS 90-308), George W. Morgenthaler and Mark D'Amara 43 

Optimal Constructor Selection for Mars Exploration Mission Construction Projects (AAS 90-309), Richard J. Johnson and George W. Morgenthaler  69 

DYCAM I:  A Computer Aided Tool for the Engineering and On-Orbit Construction of Mars Spacecraft (AAS 90-310), George W. Morgenthaler and Herb Schroeder  81 

Chapter 3.  Radiation 99 

The Radiation Show-Stopper to Mars Missions:  A Solution (AAS 90-273), Benton C. Clark and Larry W. Mason 101 

INC Model Calculation of P + 56Fe Reaction Charge and Mass Changing Cross Sections Below 2 Gev (AAS 90-220), M. Divadeenam and T. E. Ward 115 

Radioactive Nuclide Production in Stony Meteorites Exposed to 200 MeV Proton Irradiation (AAS 90-222), Stephen Lakatos, Emanuel P. Manche, Martin S. Spergel, Mundrathi Divadeenam and Thomas E. Ward 123 

Human Radiation Dose Received During a Manned Mars Mission(AAS 90-275), O. W. Lazareth, M. Divadeenam, H. Ludewig, M. S. Spergel, S. Mughabghab, E. C. Selcow, T. E. Ward and J. R. Powell 139 

PART II:  LIVING ON MARS

Chapter 4.  In Situ Resource Utilization 147 

Extracting Water from the Martian Soil Using Microwaves (AAS 90-297), Owen Gwynne and Christopher P. McKay 149 

Regolith as Propellant for Mars Mission (AAS 90-204), Brian Tillotson 155 

Project Minerva:  A Low Cost Manned Mars Mission Based on Indigenous Propellant Production (AAS 90-315), Adam P. Bruckner, Kelly Caviezel, Todd Daggert,  Mike Folkers, Mark Fornia, Steven Hamling, Bryan Johnson, Martin Kalberer, Mike Machula, Kevin Mahn, Leslie McCullough, Clint Schneider and Vincent Westmark 169 

Novel Propellants Derived from Atmospheric CO2 on Mars (AAS 90-320), Geoffrey A. Landis 193 

EXOFUEL:  Martian Propellants for the Human Exploration Initiative(AAS 90-294) (Abstract), Bruce M. Cordell, Christopher R. Cassell, Sam L. Wagner and Anthony Zuppero 199 

Martian Ice:  Science Issues, Resource Exploration, and Preparations for Base Siting (AAS 90-295) (Abstract), J. S. Kargel, R. G. Strom and J. S. Lewis 201 

Atmospheric Water on Mars:  Energy Estimates for Extraction(AAS 90-296) (Abstract), Thomas R. Meyer, Lisa Brown and Jon Tarantino  204 

Isentropic Processing for In Situ Propellant Production on Mars (AAS 90-298) (Abstract), Douglas Jones 205 

The Artesian Well:  Piping Martian Volatiles to the Inner Solar System (AAS 90-299) (Abstract), Alastair J. W. Mayer 206 

Chapter 5.  Habitability and Life Support  207 

Implanting Life on Mars as a Long Term Goal for Mars Exploration (AAS 90-312), Christopher P. McKay and Robert H. Haynes 209 

Biomass Production Model for a Bioregenerative Life Support System (AAS 90-278), R. J. Bula, R. C. Morrow and M. Mankamyer 217 

The Key to Humans on Mars:  Simulation on Earth of Closed Ecological Systems for Long-Duration Habitats (AAS 90-280), J. F. Redor, C. J. Savage, R. A. Binot and M. Novara 225 

The Biosphere 2 Project:  Applications for Space Exploration and Mars Settlement (AAS 90-281), Taber MacCallum, Mark Nelson, John P. Allen, Linda Leigh, Abigail Alling, Norberto Alverez-Romo 249 

Plant-Rated Greenhouses (AAS 90-257), Bruce A. Mackenzie and David C. Dunand 273 

Photovoltaic Power System Operation on Mars (AAS 90-247), Geoffrey A. Landis and Joseph Appelbaum 281 

A Remotely Deployable Martian Habitat (AAS 90-258), Gary S. Brierley, D. Bryan Neely and Mark T. Newkirk 295 

A New Mass Spectrometer System for Life Support in Long-Term Space Environments (AAS 90-270) (Abstract), Al Micco, Bruce Dietrich and George Swanson 301 

Design of Exercise Counter-Measures for Life Support in Long Term Space Environments (AAS 90-271) (Abstract), George D. Swanson 302 

Space Suits And Life Support Systems for the Exploration of Mars (AAS 90-272) (Abstract), Lawrence Kuznetz 303 

Astronaut Radiation Safety Evaluated for Nuclear Earth-Mars Vehicles (AAS 90-274) (Abstract), Steven M. Stevenson and Alan J. Willoughby 304 

Workload and Biomechanics for Extravehicular Activity (EVA):  Simulated Martian Environment Study (AAS 90-276) (Abstract), Dava J. Newman 305 

Implications of Manned Interplanetary Travel (AAS 90-277) (Abstract), Thomas M. Ciesla 306 

Chapter 6.  Mars Base and Infrastructure  307 

Constructing a Mars Base - Mars Habitation 2057 Concept (AAS 90-251), Yoji Ishikawa, Takaya Ohkita and  Yoji Amemiya  309 

A Conceptual Design for an Interface Between Habitable Volumes and Life Support Facilities (AAS 90-279), Brent Helleckson 321 

Omnidirectional Platform for Unstructured Surfaces (AAS 90-254), James W. Brazell and W. M. Williams, Jr. 333 

Simulation of Martian Materials and Resources Exploitation on a Variable Gravity Research Facility (AAS 90-300), François Spiero and David C. Dunand 347 

Biophysical Research Modules and Biosphere Mars Missions (AAS 90-237), P. A. Hansson 361 

Habitability Design Issues for Partial Gravity Environments (AAS 90-250) (Abstract), John A. Ciciora 369 

The Mars Program from a Japanese Perspective (AAS 90-253) (Abstract), Michio Shimizu 370 

Base Construction on Mars (AAS 90-255) (Abstract), J. E. Dailey, W. L. Alexander and B. M. Cordell  373 

Sizing of a Magma Electrolysis LLOX Plant to Support Mars Missions (AAS 90-301) (Abstract), E. McCullough and J. M. Kehrbaum 375 

Rotating Processing Plant (Phobos or Deimos) (AAS 90-304) (Abstract), R. D. Waldron 376 

High-Resolution Color Analysis of the Martian Surface (AAS 90-306) (Abstract), E. Hauber, H. Hoffmann, M. Rauch and G. Neukum  378 

PART III:  SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES

Chapter 7.  Mars Habitability and Analogs 379 

Mare Chronium:  A Short History of Martian Timekeeping (AAS 90-287), Thomas Gangale 381 

One Thousand Days Non-Stop at Sea:  Lessons for a Mission to Mars (AAS 90-266), W. Reid Stowe and Albert A. Harrison 395 

Young People and Rationales for Human Mars Missions (AAS 90-314), Bruce Cordell and Joan Miller 407 

A Space-Age Game (AAS 90-319), Richard Norman 421 

An Antarctic Research Outpost as a Model for Planetary Exploration (AAS 90-260) (Abstract), D. T. Andersen, R. A. Wharton, C. P. McKay and J. D. Rummel 425 

Advanced Systems Development for the Space Exploration Initiative (AAS 90-261) (Abstract), D. A. Petri and B. Roberts 426 

The Role of Planetary Antarctic Analogs in Support of the Space Exploration Initiative (AAS 90-262) (Abstract), Corinne M. Buoni 427 

Enabling Human Exploration of Space Through the Utilization of Analog Environments (AAS 90-263) (Abstract), Karen K. Gaiser and Frank M. Sulzman 428 

Simulators for Lunar and Martian Exploration (CETEC) (AAS 90-264) (Abstract), Raymond S. Leonard, Peter A. Hart, Gerald G. Leigh, Steven D. Howe and Stewart W. Johnson 429 

Field-Testing the Future:  An Anthropological Approach to Space Analogues (AAS 90-265) (Abstract), James J. Funaro 432 

Habitability Considerations for Human Expeditions to Mars (AAS 90-267) (Abstract), Yvonne A. Clearwater 433 

Psychological and Multicultural Factors in the Planning of an International Mission to Mars (AAS 90-268) (Abstract), Patricia A. Santy, Albert W. Holland and Anne L. Looper 435 

The Martian Embassy:  A Prototype Martian Settlement (AAS 90-269) (Abstract), Scott G. Beach 436 

The Wizards of Mars: Politics and the Prospects for the Colonization of Mars (AAS 90-282) (Abstract), Robert Michael Beattie, Jr. 437 

Mission to Mars:  A National Endeavor for Science Education (AAS 90-283) (Abstract), William L. Buckingham 438 

Mars Program, Mars Mission, Mars Base:  Problems in Administration (AAS 90-284) (Abstract), Nathan C. Goldman 439 

The Lessons of Varsovian's Reconnaissance (AAS 90-285) (Abstract), D. J. Bents 440 

Education Initiatives (AAS 90-286) (Abstract), Philip A. Turek 441 

Layman's Knowledge of Evolution of Universe (AAS 90-288) (Abstract), Himankush Saha 442 

APPENDIX 

Publications of the American Astronautical Society 445 

INDEX 

Numerical Index 461 

Author Index 470 
 
 

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CONTENTS  - Volume 86, AAS Science and Technology Series

 Page 

Fellow Traveler - Poem and Book Dedication to Thomas O. Paine iv 

Foreword vii 

Prologue.  Steps to Mars, Daniel S. Goldin xi 

SECTION I - MAKING THE CASE FOR MARS

Chapter 1.  Why Should Humans Explore Space? (AAS 95-471), Lawrence G. Lemke 3 

Chapter 2. The Significance of the Martian Frontier (AAS 95-472), Robert M. Zubrin 13 

Chapter 3. The Millennium Project (AAS 95-473), Harrison H. Schmitt 27 

Chapter 4. Mars: The Media... the Masses... and the Message (AAS 95-474), Leonard David 41 

Chapter 5. Strategic Communications Planning and the Case for Mars (AAS 95-475), Frank White 51 

Chapter 6. Managing the Exploration of the Moon and Mars (AAS 95-476), Michael D. Griffin 59 

SECTION II - GETTING THERE: INTERPLANETARY TRANSPORTATION ISSUES

Chapter 7. Mars Mission Concepts: The von Braun Era (AAS 95-477), Frederick I. Ordway III 69 

Chapter 8. Pathways to Mars: An Overview of Flight Profiles and Staging Options for Mars Missions (AAS 95-478), John C. Niehoff and Stephen J. Hoffman 99 

Chapter 9. Mars Mission Designs: Comparing the Near Term Options (AAS 95-479), Malcolm A. LeCompt and Julie P. Stets 127 

Chapter 10. Artificial Gravity: Design Implications for Mars Vehicles (AAS 95-480), Lawrence G. Lemke 153 

Chapter 11. Nuclear Rockets: High-Performance Propulsion for Mars (AAS 95-481), Clayton W. Watson 167 

Chapter 12. Nuclear Electric Propulsion for Human Mars Missions (AAS 95-482), Ernst Stuhlinger 193 

SECTION III - LIVING IN SPACE: THE HUMAN ELEMENT

Chapter 13. Biomedical Issues in the Exploration of Mars (AAS 95-483), Rosalind A. Grymes, Charles E. Wade and Joan Vernikos 225 

Chapter 14.  The Human Side of Mars Flight: A Review of Human Factors Issues (AAS 95-484), Mary M. Connors and Albert A. Harrison 241 

Chapter 15. From the Great Voyages of Exploration to Missions to Mars (AAS 95-485), Ben Finny 267 

Chapter 16. The Interplanetary Radiation Environment and Methods to Shield from it (AAS 95-486), Lawrence W. Townsend and John W. Wilson 283 

SECTION IV - BEING THERE: LIVING AND WORKING ON MARS

Chapter 17.  Moving in on Mars: The Hitchhiker's Guide to Martian Life Support (AAS 95-487), Penelope J. Boston 327 

Living in Space:  Results from Biosphere 2's Initial Closure, an Early Testbed for Closed Ecological Systems on Mars (AAS 95-488), Mark Nelson and William F. Dempster 363 

Chapter 19. Using the Resources of Mars for Human Settlement (AAS 95-489), Thomas R. Meyer and Christopher P. McKay 393 

Chapter 20. Mars Rovers (AAS 95-490), Benton C. Clark 445 

Chapter 21. First Mars Outpost Habitation Strategy (AAS 95-491), Marc M. Cohen 465 

SECTION V - SCIENCE ON MARS

Chapter 22. Scientific Objectives of Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 95-492), Michael H. Carr 515 

Chapter 23. Science Strategy for Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 95-493), Carol R. Stoker 537 

SECTION VI - COSTS AND BENEFITS OF MARS EXPLORATION

Chapter 24. The Cost of Sending Humans to Mars (AAS 95-494), Humbolt C. Mandell, Jr. 563 

Chapter 25. Mars Colonization: Technically Feasible, Affordable, and a Universal Human Drive (AAS 95-495), Thomas O. Paine 579 

EPILOGUE

Chapter 26. Beyond Mars... Into the Universe at Large (AAS 95-496), Leonard David 595 
 
 

 [back to volume 86]  [top of this page]



 
 




 
CONTENTS
(Volume 75, AAS Science and Technology Series - Technical)

 Page 

FOREWORD, Carol Stoker vii 

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES 

Chapter 1:  Social Perspectives 1 

The Social Implications of Manned Missions to Mars:  A Beginning Framework for Analysis (AAS 87-226), Jefferson S. Hofgard 3 

NASA'S Goals and Long Range Plan (AAS 87-227), Philip E. Culbertson 7 

Chapter 2:  Mars - Strategies for Education 11 

Mars is Ours:  Strategies for a Manned Mission to Mars (AAS 87-228), Tiina O'Neil, Daniel Thurs, Michael Narlock, Shawn Laatsch 13 

Manned Mars Mission Student Designs at the University of Texas at Austin (AAS 87-229), Curt Bilby, George Botbyl, Wallace Fowler 29 

Chapter 3:  Economic Issues 43 

The Development of Space:  The Economic Case for Mars (AAS 87-230), Dana Richard Rotegard 45 

The Economics of a Manned Mars Mission (AAS 87-231), Raymond S. Leonard, James D. Blacic, David T. Vaniman 59 

Chapter 4:  Issues for Sending Humans to Mars 85 

The Case for Cellulose Production on Mars (AAS 87-232), Tyler Volk, John D. Rummel 87 

Space Station Accommodation of Life Sciences in Support of a Manned Mars Mission (AAS 87-233), Barry D. Meredith, Kelli F. Willshire, Jane A. Hagaman, Rhea M. Seddon 95 

A Diagnostic and Environmental Monitoring System (DEMS) Concept to Support Manned Mars in-Flight and Surface Operations (AAS 87-234), Corinne M. Buoni, Mark S. Kotur, Dr. Larry S. Miller, Benjamin Bartilson 107 

A Zero-G CELSS/Recreation Facility for an Earth/Mars Crew Shuttle (AAS 87-235), Alice Eichold 129 

Chapter 5:  Biomedical Factors 139 

Exercise Strategies and Assessment of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Space (AAS 87-236), George D. Swanson 141 

Work on Human Adaptation to Long-Term Space Flight in the UK (AAS 87-237), P. A. Hansson 151 

Astronaut Interdisciplinary and Medical/Dental Training for Manned Mars Missions (AAS 87-238), Harold E. Filbert, Donald J. Kleier 161 

Automation of Fitness Management for Extended Space Missions (AAS 87-239), Ted D. Wade, Philip G. Smaldone, Richard G. May 171 

Chapter 6:  Human Factors 189 

Individual Differences, Mission Parameters, and Spaceflight Environment Habitability (AAS 87-240), Albert A. Harrison, Nancy J. Struthers, Bernard J. Putz 191 

Anthropologists as Culture Designers for Offworld Colonies (AAS 87-241), James J. Funaro 201 

Considerations for the Living Areas within Space Settlements (AAS 87-242), Joel Hagen 217 

Chapter 7:  Precursor Missions 225 

Mars Rover/Sample Return Mission Definition (AAS 87-243), Alan L. Friedlander 227 

Mars Rover Options (AAS 87-244), Donna Shirley Pivirotto, Donald Bickler 235 

Energy Storage Considerations for a Robotic Mars Surface Sampler (AAS 87-245), Patricia M. O'Donnell, Robert L. Cataldo, Olga D. Gonzalez-Sanabria 245 

Chapter 8:  Scientific Goals of Mars Exploration 253 

The Equatorial Mars Observer:  A Proposal for a Near-Areo-Stationary Mars Orbiter (AAS 87-246), Edwin L. Strickland III 255 

Trace Gases in the Atmosphere of Mars:  An Indicator of Microbial Life (AAS 87-247), Joel S. Levine, Curtis P. Rinsland, William L. Chameides, Penelope J. Boston, Wesley R. Cofer III, Peter Brimblecombe 277 

TECHNICAL ISSUES FOR GETTING TO MARS 

Chapter 9:  Mission Strategy   283 

Mars Mission Effects on Space Station Evolution (AAS 87-248), Barbara S. Askins, Stephen G. Cook 285 

Mars Mission and Program Analysis (AAS 87-249), Edward E. Montgomery, James C. Pearson, Jr. 293 

Mars Mission Profile Options and Opportunities (AAS 87-250), Archie C. Young 311 

Modeling and Simulation of Advanced Space Systems (AAS 87-251), Curt Bilby, Stewart Nozette 323 

Computer Support for Mars Missions (AAS 87-252), Ned Chapin 337 

Chapter 10:  Transportation Systems and Space Logistics 347 

The Advanced Launch System (ALS) (AAS 87-253), Charles H. Eldred 349 

Vehicle Condition Monitoring for a Human Mission to Mars:  Issues and Needs (AAS 87-254), Alan E. Tischer, Lisa A. McCauley 355 

NEP Freighter - A Point Design (AAS 87-255), Paul G. Phillips 373 

Chapter 11:  Advanced Propulsion 385 

High Performance Nuclear Propulsion (AAS 87-256), Ryan K. Haaland, G. Allen Beale, Andrew S. Martin 387 

Laser Propulsion and Possible Missions to Mars (AAS 87-257), Jordin T. Kare 397 

Fast Missions to Mars (AAS 87-258), Michael Pelizzari 407 

Applicability of Plasma Wakefield Acceleration to Electric Propulsion (AAS 87-259), William Peter, Rhon Keinigs 423 

Nuclear-Electric Propulsion:  Manned Mars Propulsion Options (AAS 87-260), Bryan Palaszewski, John Brophy, David King 431 

LIVING ON MARS 

Chapter 12:  Mars Resource Utilization   453 

Manned Mars Missions and Extraterrestrial Resource Engineering Test and Evaluation (AAS 87-261), Stewart W. Johnson, Raymond S. Leonard 455 

A Get Started Approach for Resource Processing (AAS 87-262), Bob Giudici 469 

Design of a Mars Oxygen Processor (AAS 87-263), Robert L. Ash, Joseph A. Werne, Merry Beth Haywood 479 

A Carbon Dioxide Powered Rocket for Use on Mars (AAS 87-264), Donald R. Pettit 489 

Nuclear Rockets Using Indigenous Martian Propellants (AAS 87-265), Robert M. Zubrin 495 

Feasibility of Using Solar Power on Mars:  Effects of Dust Storms on Incident Solar Radiation (AAS 87-266), Scott Geels, John B. Miller, Benton C. Clark 505 

SURFACE INFRASTRUCTURE AND TECHNOLOGY 

Chapter 13:  Mars Base  517 

Using Robots to Support and Assist Human Explorers on the Surface of Mars (AAS 87-267), Ronald D. Jones 519 

An Evolutionary Communications Scenario for Mars Exploration (AAS 87-268), Steven M. Stevenson 527 

Metric Time for Mars (AAS 87-269), Bruce A. Mackenzie 539 

Chapter 14:  Mobility on Mars 545 

The Mars Airplane Revived  - Global Mars Surface Surveys (AAS 87-270), B. W. Augenstein 547 

Mars Manned Transportation Vehicle (AAS 87-271), Marla E. Perez-Davis, Karl A. Faymon 557 

The Mars Ball:  A Prototype Martian Rover (AAS 87-272), Daniel M. Janes 569 

WORKSHOP SUMMARIES 

Space Policy Marketing Workshop (AAS 87-273), Carol Stoker 577 

From the Classroom to Mars:  A Giant Leap for Students - Education Workshop (AAS 87-274), Carolyn Collins Petersen, Jesco von Puttkamer 581 

Workshop on International Cooperation (AAS 87-275), Michael A. G. Michaud 585 

Mission Strategy Workshop Summary (AAS 87-276), James R. French 589 

The Phobos/Deimos Mission Workshop:  A Summary (AAS 87-277), Bruce M. Cordell 601 

Applications of Military and SDI Technology to Mars (AAS 87-278), S. Pete Worden 605 

Advanced Propulsion Workshop Summary (AAS 87-279), Steven D. Howe 607 

APPENDIX 

Publications of the American Astronautical Society 612 

Science and Technology Series (1964- ) 613 

INDEX 

Numerical Index 619 

Author Index 626 

[back to volume 74 & 75]  [top of this page]

 


 


 
CONTENTS
(Volume 74, AAS Science and Technology Series - 
General Interest and Overview),  Page 

FOREWORD, Carol R. Stoker vii 

INTRODUCTION 

A Strategy for Mars:  The Case for Mars III -- Keynote Address, (AAS 87-175), James C. Fletcher 3 

The Case for Mars III -- Opening Remarks (AAS 87-176), Buzz Aldrin 13 

MAKING THE POLITICAL CASE FOR MARS: SPACE POLICY 

Decisions on Space Initiatives (AAS 87-177), Radford Byerly, Jr. 19 

Making Decisions on Major Space Initiatives (AAS 87-178), Peter B. Perkins, Jr. 27 

SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES 

Strategic Communications Planning and The Case for Mars (AAS 87-179), Frank White 35 

How Space Enthusiasts View Mars Exploration (AAS 87-180), Robert L. Staehle 43 

The Case Against Mars (AAS 87-181), Gregg Easterbrook 49 

MARS EXPLORATION - IMPETUS FOR EDUCATION 

A Mandate for Space Education (AAS 87-182), Jesco von Puttkamer 57 

Mars Base Design Projects at the University of Wisconsin (AAS 87-183), Ronald E. Thomson 73 

ECONOMIC ISSUES 

Financing a Mars Program (AAS 87-184), Chandler C. Smith 83 

INTERNATIONAL ISSUES 

Let's go to Mars - With our Friends and Allies (AAS 87-185), Michael A.G. Michaud 109 

Policy Options for International Mars Exploration (AAS 87-186), Nathan C. Goldman 123 

Technology Transfer Aspects of Going to Mars (AAS 87-187), Brenda Forman 129 

CONSIDERATIONS FOR SENDING HUMANS TO MARS - LIFE SUPPORT AND BIOMEDICAL FACTORS 

Life Support System Considerations and Characteristics for a Manned Mars Mission (AAS 87-188), Ferolyn T. Powell 135 

An Overview of Selected Biomedical Aspects of Mars Missions (AAS 87-189), John Billingham 157 

Artificial Gravity for Long Duration Spaceflight (AAS 87-190), Malcolm M. Cohen 171 

HUMAN FACTORS 

Habitability During Long-Duration Space Missions:  Key Issues Associated With a Mission to Mars (AAS 87-191), Jack Stuster 181 

Crew Selection for a Mars Explorer Mission (AAS 87-192), Benton C. Clark 193 

Human Aspects of Mission Safety (AAS 87-193), Mary M. Connors 205 

Antarctica as a Model for the Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 87-194), Lawrence A. Palinkas  215 

PRECURSOR MISSIONS AND ROVER TECHNOLOGY 

Mars Rover Sample Return Mission Study (AAS 87-195), Roger D. Bourke 231 

An Aeronomy Mission to Investigate the Entry and Orbiter Environment of Mars (AAS 87-196), Larry H. Brace 245 

Planetary Protection and Back Contamination Control for a Mars Rover Sample Return Mission (AAS 87-197), John D. Rummel 259 

SCIENTIFIC GOALS 

Scientific Objectives of Human Exploration of Mars (AAS 87-198), Michael H. Carr 267 

The Role of Climate Studies in the Future Exploration of Mars (AAS 87-199), Richard W. Zurek and Daniel J. McClease 277 

Life Sciences Interests in Mars Missions (AAS 87-200), John D. Rummel and Lynn D. Griffiths 287 

TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR GETTING TO MARS 

Manned Mars Systems Study (AAS 87-201), Benton C. Clark 297 

Piloted Sprint Missions to Mars (AAS 87-202), John C. Niehoff and Stephen J. Hoffman 309 

A Manned Mars Artificial Gravity Vehicle (AAS 87-203), David N. Schultz, Charles C. Rupp, Gregory A. Hajos and John M. Butler, Jr. 325 

Mars 1999:  A Concept for Low Cost Near-Term Human Exploration and Propellant Processing on Phobos and Deimos (AAS 87-204), Brian O'Leary 353 

Earth Orbital Preparations for Mars Expeditions (AAS 87-205), Robert L. Staehle 373 

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS 

Technology for Manned Mars Flight (AAS 87-206), Barney B. Roberts 399 

Mars Landing and Launch Requirements and a Possible Approach (AAS 87-207), James R. French 413 

Heavy Lift Vehicles for Transportation to a Low Earth Orbit Space Station for Assembly of a Humans to Mars Mission (AAS 87-208), Frank E. Swalley 421 

Propulsion System Considerations/Approach for Fast Transfer to Mars (AAS 87-209), Paul A. Harris and Frank J. Perry 433 

ADVANCED PROPULSION 

Nuclear Propulsion - A Vital Technology for the Exploration of Mars and the Planets Beyond (AAS 87-210), Stanley K. Borowski 451 

Antiproton-Based Propulsion Concepts and the Potential Impact on a Manned Mars Mission (AAS 87-211), Steven D. Howe and John D. Metzger 495 

LIVING ON MARS - MARS RESOURCE UTILIZATION 

Applications of In-Situ Carbon Monoxide Oxygen Propellent Production at Mars (AAS 87-212), W. Mitchell Clapp and Michael P. Scardera 513 

Duricrete and Composites Construction on Mars (AAS 87-213), Robert C. Boyd, Patrick S. Thompson and Benton C. Clark 539 

The Hydrogen Peroxide Economy on Mars (AAS 87-214), Benton C. Clark and Donald R. Pettit 551 

Mars Soil - A Sterile Regolith or a Medium for Plant Growth? (AAS 87-215), Amos Banin 559 

MARS BASE SURFACE INFRASTRUCTURE 

Building Mars Habitats Using Local Materials (AAS 87-216), Bruce A. Mackenzie 575 

The Use of Inflatable Habitation on the Moon and Mars (AAS 87-217), Michael Roberts 587 

Fire Protection for a Martian Colony (AAS 87-218), Robert M. Beattie, Jr. 595 

Tool and Equipment Requirements for Human Habitation of Mars (AAS 87-219), Michael G. Thornton 607 

MOBILITY ON MARS 

An Overview of Mars Surface Mobility Justification and Options (AAS 87-220), James R. French 619 

Balloon-Borne Characterization of the Martian Surface and Lower Atmosphere (AAS 87-221), R.J. LeVesque, G.E. WIlliams and F.J. Redd 633 

Mars Global Exploration Vehicle (AAS 87-222), J. Mark McCann, Mark J. Snaufer and Robert J. Svenson 647 

SPACE POWER SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS 

Power Considerations for an Early Manned Mars Mission Utilizing the Space Station (AAS 87-223), Martin E. Valgora 667 

The SP-100 Space Reactor as a Power Source for Mars Exploration Missions (AAS 87-224), Lon Isenberg and Jack A. Heller 681 

Laser Power Transmission Concepts for Martian Applications (AAS 87-225), R.J. DeYoung, E.J. Conway, W.E. Meador and D.H. Humes 697 

APPENDIX 

Publications of the American Astronautical Society 710 

Science and Technology Series (1964- ) 711 

INDEX 

Numerical Index 717 

Author Index 724 
 
 


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CONTENTS
(Volume 62, AAS Science and Technology Series)

IN MEMORIAM - Phil Quattrone ii 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii 

RESONANCE, Helene Knox viii 

FOREWORD, Louis Friedman ix 

I. INTRODUCTION 

A Timeline for Martian Pioneers (AAS 84-150), Thomas O. Paine 3 

A Millennium Project: Mars 2000 (AAS 84-151), Harrison H. Schmitt 23 

II. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS 

Political Acceptability of Mars Exploration: Post-1981 Observations (AAS 84-152), Leonard David 35 

The Civilian Space Program: A Washington Perspective (AAS 84-153), Randolph H. Ware, Philip P. Chandler 49 

The Mars Base: International Cooperation (AAS 84-154), Nathan C. Goldman 65 

Russians to Mars? (AAS 84-155), James E. Oberg 73 

Antarctica: Lessons for a Mars Exploration Program (AAS 84-156), Christopher P. McKay 79 

III. PRECURSOR MISSIONS 

Design of a Mars Film Mapper Probe (MS 84-157), W. Mitchell Clapp 91 

Scientific Objectives for a 1996 Mars Sample Return Mission (AAS 84-158), Douglas P. Blanchard, James L. Gooding, Uel S. Clanton 99 

A Mars Sample Return Mission Using a Rover (AAS 84-159), J. P. de Vries, H. N. Norton 121 

Space Station - The First Step (AAS 84-160), Humboldt C. Mandell, Jr. 157 

Beyond the Space Station (AAS 84-161), Jesco von Puttkamer 171 

Lunar Base: A Stepping Stone to Mars (AAS 84-162), Michael B. Duke, Wendell W. Mendell, Barney B. Roberts 207 

The Ph-D Project in Perspective (AAS 84-163), S. Fred Singer 221 

Phobos and Deimos as Resource and Exploration Centers (AAS 84-164), Brian O'Leary 225 

The Case for Phobos (AAS 84-165), Saul J. Adelman, Benjamin Adelman 245 

IV. SCIENCE 

Scientific Program for a Mars Base (AAS 84-166), C. R. Stoker, J. M. Moore, R. L. Grossman, P. J. Boston 255 

Critical Life Science Issues for a Mars Base (AAS 84-167), Penelope J. Boston 287 

Martian Meteorology and Dust Storms (AAS 84-168), James E. Tillman 333 

V. EARTH-MARS DELIVERY SYSTEMS 

Mission Strategy and Spacecraft Design for a Mars Base Program (AAS 84-169), Steven Welch 345 

Concepts for the Early Realization of a Manned Mission to Mars (AAS 84-170), Stephen J. Hoffman, John K. Soldner 377 

Analysis of Delivery Capabilities and Costs to Low Mars Orbits Applying Current Technology Launch/Retro Propulsion Systems (AAS 84-171), James R. Stuart, Randall E. Coffey 391 

Rapid Delivery of Small Payloads to Mars (AAS 84-172), T. R. Meyer, C. P. McKay, P. M. McKenna, W. R. Pryor 419 

Transportation Modes for Manned Mars Missions (AAS 84-173), Gordon R. Woodcock, Timothy J. Vinopal 433 

Tethers for Mars Space Operations (AAS 84-174), Paul A. Penzo 445 

VI. MARS SURFACE TECHNOLOGY 

Advanced Spacesuit Glove Design (AAS 84-175), W. Mitchell Clapp 469 

Dirigible Airships for Martian Surface Exploration (AAS 84-176), W. Mitchell Clapp 489 

Power Requirements for the Conquest of Mars (AAS 84-177), Joseph A. Angelo, Jr., David Buden 497 

VII. UTILIZING MARTIAN RESOURCES 

The Impact of Martian Propellant Manufacturing on Early Manned Exploration (AAS 84-178), James R. French 519 

The H-Atom Resource on Mars (AAS 84-179), Benton C. Clark 527 

The Retrieval, Storage, and Recycling of Water for a Manned Base on Mars (AAS 84-180), Douglas Jones, C. Flint Webb, Michael R. LaPointe, Helen M. Hart, Amy Larson 537 

Water Supply for a Manned Mars Base (AAS 84-181), W. Mitchell Clapp 557 

Utilizing the Permafrost on Mars (AAS 84-182), Loren Phillips 567 

Extraction of Water from the Mars Atmosphere: Passive Constriction of Wind Flow (AAS 84-183), Helen M. Hart 605 

Mass-Balance Model for a Controlled Ecological Life Support System (AAS 84-184), Thomas R. Caudill 611 

A Preliminary Assessment of Martian Natural Resource Potential (AAS 84-185), Bruce M. Cordell 627 

VIII. HUMAN FACTORS 

Psychological and Interpersonal Adaptation to Mars Missions (AAS 84-186), Albert A. Harrison, Mary M. Connors 643 

Countermeasures for the Effects of Prolonged Weightlessness (AAS 84-187), Daniel Woodard 655 

Psychological Considerations in Long-Duration Space Missions: An Overview (AAS 84-188), Victoria M. Littlefield 665 

Death in Space (AAS 84-189), Robert M. Beattie, Jr. 681 

APPENDIX 

Candidate Rover/Returned Sample Landing Sites for Mars (AAS 84-190) (Abstract), Harold Masursky 697 

Mars Geoscience/Climatology Orbiter: The Next Mars Mission (AAS 84-191) (Abstract), R. Todd Clancy 698 

Water on Mars: Geological and Geochemical Evidence (AAS 84-192) (Abstract), Steven W. Squyres 699 

Biomedical Considerations in Long-Duration Space Flights (AAS 84-193) (Abstract), Joseph C. Sharp 700 

An Orbital Quarantine Facility for Analysis of Returned Samples (AAS 84-194) (Abstract), John R. Bagby 701 

Economic Analysis of Mars Exploration (AAS 84-195) (Abstract), Jack Kirwan 702 

Who is Going to Pay for It? (AAS 84-196) (Abstract), Kerry Mark Joels 703 

Comparison of Propulsion Systems for Earth to Mars Transit (AAS 84-197) (Abstract), Lynnette DeBell 704 

The USAF Getaway Special Centrifuge: A Simulator for Space Station and Planetary Surface Gravity Environments (AAS 84-198) (Abstract), Harold S. Rhoads 705 

Publications of the American Astronautical Society 707 

The Case for Mars I Conference 711 

INDEX 

Numerical Index 711 

Author Index 714 
 
 

[back to volume 62]  [top of this page]

 


 


 
 
CONTENTS
(Volume 57, AAS Science and Technology Series)

 Page 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii 

IN MEMORIAM - TIM MUTCH, Helene Knox viii 

THE GRASS ROOTS OF THE MARS CONFERENCE (AAS 81-225), Alcestis R. Oberg ix 

CONFERENCE SUMMARY (AAS 81-226), Organizing Committee xiii 

I. INTRODUCTION 

The Humanation of Mars (AAS 81-227), Leonard W. David 3 

Why Mars? (AAS 81-228), Christopher P. McKay, Carol R. Stoker 19 

The Viking Fund: A Mandate from the People (AAS 81-229), Stan Kent 29 

II. MISSION STRATEGY 

New Approaches to Space Exploration (AAS 81-230), Malcolm LeCompte 35 

The PH-D Proposal: A Manned Mission to Phobos and Deimos (AAS 81-231), S. Fred Singer 39 

Report on the Results of the Mission Strategy Workshop of the Case for Mars Conference (AAS 81-232), J. R. French 67 

III. SPACECRAFT DESIGN 

Manned Mars Mission Landing and Departure Systems (AAS 81-233), Douglas B. Cross, Aubrey J. Butts 75 

Solar Electric Propulsion Stage as a Mars Exploration Tool (AAS 81-234), Stan Kent 83 

An Expedition to Mars Employing Shuttle-Era Systems, Solar Sails and Aerocapture (AAS 81-235), Robert L. Staehle 91 

The External Tank Scenario: Utilization of the Shuttle External Tank for Earth to Mars Transit (AAS 81-236), Thomas C. Taylor 

IV. LIFE SUPPORT 

Extended Mission Life Support Systems (AAS 81-237), P. D. Quattrone 131 

Ecological Problems and Extended Life Support on the Martian Surface (AAS 81-238), Bassett Maguire, Jr. 163 

The Medical Aspects of a Flight to Mars (AAS 81-239), Daniel Woodard, Alcestis R. Oberg 173 

Modifications of Conventional Medical-Surgical Techniques for Use in Null Gravity (AAS 81-240), Robert M. Beattie, Jr. 181 

Life Support Workshop Summary (AAS 81-241), Penelope J. Boston 185 

V. SURFACE ACTIVITIES AND MATERIALS PROCESSING 

Manned Exploration of Mars: The Role of Science (AAS 81-242), James A. Cutts 191 

Chemistry of the Martian Surface: Resources for the Manned Exploration of Mars (AAS 81-243), Benton C. Clark 197 

The Atmosphere of Mars - Resources for the Exploration and Settlement of Mars (AAS 81-244), Thomas R. Meyer, Christopher P. McKay 209 

Surface Sampling Systems (AAS 81-245), Donald S. Crouch 233 

Aerobraking and Aerocapture for Mars Missions (AAS 81-246), J. R. French 245 

VI. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ASPECTS 

The View from Earth or the Care and Feeding of the Space Program (AAS 81-247), Rad Byerly 253 

Legal and Political Implications of Colonizing Mars (AAS 81-248), Nathan C. Goldman 257 

Man to Mars Manifesto (AAS 81-249), James E. Oberg 263 

A Retrospective Look at the Soviet Union's Efforts to Explore Mars (AAS 81-250), Saunders B. Kramer 269

The Cost of Landing Man on Mars (AAS 81-251), Humboldt C. Mandell, Jr. 281 

Should Human Colonization of Mars Be the Next Major Goal of the Space Program? A Panel Discussion (AAS 81-252), Louis Friedman, Moderator 293 

APPENDICES 

Appendix A: Ballistic Opportunities to Mars (AAS 81-253), Gerry Snyder 299 

Appendix B: A Short Guide to Mars (AAS 81-254), C. P. McKay 303 

Appendix C: The Future of Mars: A Hypothetical Chronology (AAS 81-255), Alcestis and James Oberg 311 

List of Participants 315 

INDEX 

Numerical Index 319 

Author Index 321 
 
 


[back to volume 57]  [top of this page]

 



 
CONTENTS (Volume 71, AAS Science and Technology Series)

Welcoming and Keynote Addresses 

Mars Exploration Based on Leadership and Success 

Opening Comments and "Viking Replay"(1) - by Conference Chairman, Dr. Geoffrey A. Briggs 

 Page 

ADDRESS 

Welcome and Keynote Title Page 1 

Welcome sad Introduction, Burton I. Edelson 3 

Keynote Address, James C. Fletcher 9 

SESSION 1: OUR CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF MARS 

Title Page and Speaker Profiles, Session 1 17 

The History of Mars, John S. Lewis 23 

The Geology of Mars, Laurence A. Soderblom 43 

The Volcanism of Mars, Michael H. Carr 55 

The Channels of Mars, Victor R. Baker 75 

The Moons of Mars, Joseph Veverka 93 

The Atmosphere of Mars, Michael B. McElroy 121 

The Meteorology of Mars, Conway Leovy 133 

The Water and Other Volatiles of Mars, Fraser P. Fanale 157 

The Biological Question of Mars, Norman H. Horowitz 177 

A Reappraisal of Life on Mars, Gilbert V. Levin 187 

SESSION 2: THE PRESENT AND FUTURE UNMANNED EXPLORATION OF MARS 

Title Page and Speaker Profiles, Session 2 211 

The 1988-89 Soviet Phobos Mission, James W. Head 215 

Mars Observer: Mission Description, William I. Purdy 243 

Mars Observer: Science, Arden L Albee 259 

Mars Aeronorny, Donald M. Hunten 281 

Mars Sample Return: Mission, James R. French, Jr. 303 

Mars Sample Return: Science, Douglas P. Blanchard 325 

Mars Ball: Inflatable-Sectored-Tire Rover Concept, Douglas A. Hilton 351 

SESSION 3: ISSUES AND OPTIONS FOR THE MANNED EXPLORATION OF MARS 

Title Page and Speaker Profiles, Session 3 369 

Why Humans Should Explore Mars, Michael B. Duke 375 

The Engineering Aspects of Human Exploration 

Pathways to Mars: New Opportunities, John C. Niehoff 381 

Scenarios for Early Manned Missions, William C. Snoddy 405 

Transportation System for Routine Visits, Barney B. Roberts 433 

Key Technologies for Expeditions to Mars, James R. French, Jr. 457 

The Human Dimension of Mars Exploration 

Human Factors for Mars Missions, Arnauld E. Nicogossian 475 

Mars Mission Life Support Systems, Penelope J. Boston 487 

Living and Working on Mars, Christopher P. McKay 511 

Overview: Report of the National Commission on Space, Thomas O. Paine 525 

[back to volume 71]  [top of this page]


 
CONTENTS 
(Volume 15, Advances in the Astronautical Sciences) 
Temporarily Not Available

INTRODUCTION 

Intent to Explore (Welcome Address and Statement of Symposium Objectives) - by William C. Purdy 1

Mars - A Target for Advanced Propulsion - by Harold B. Finger 6 

Insuring the National Space Program - by Eugene M. Zuckert 20 

The Ecological Profile of Mars: Bioastronautical Aspect - by Hubertus Strughold 30 

PART 1: PROPULSION AND ORBIT CONCEPTS FOR THE MARS TRIP 

Influence of Martian Ephemeris and Constants on Interplanetary Trajectories - by Robert M. L. Baker, Jr. 47 

Role of Large Thrust Nuclear Power in Mars Flight - by  Keith Boyer 64 

Electric Propulsion Systems for Mars Missions - by W. E, Moeckel 79 

PART 2: VEHICLE DESIGNS FOR MARS TRIP 

NOVA Launch Vehicle Design Studies - by Andrew Kalitinsky 107 

Launch Facility Requirements for Mars/NOVA Vehicle - by Howard Keyser 132 

Data for Vehicle Design for Earth Orbit to Mars Orbit and Return - by Harry O. Ruppe 151 

Vehicle Design for Mars Landing and Return to Mars Orbit - by David M. Hammock and Bruce G. Jackson 174 

PART 3: EARTH RETURN, RE-ENTRY: MARS TRIP GUIDANCE 

Research in the Entry Problems of Interplanetary Exploration - by Peter H. Rose 195 

A Systems Approach to Vehicle Design for Earth Re-entry from an Interplanetary Mission - by Franklin P. Dixon and Leonard D. Stimpson 217 

Guidance Phenomena for a Mars Mission - by John V. Breakwell, Lars F. Helgostam, and Martin A. Krop 252 

PART 4: LIFE SCIENCE ASPECTS OF MARS TRIP 

Human Requirements for the Mars Mission - by Eugene B. Konecci and A. James Shiner 277 

Fully Regenerative Life Support Systems for Mars Missions - by Robert D Gafford 287

Psychological Aspects of Extended Manned Space Flight - by Julien M. Christensen 308 

Some Metabolic Aspects of Extended Space Flight - by Donald R. Young 347 

PART 5: COMMUNICATION AND POWER SUPPLY FOR THE MARS TRIP 

Instrumentation Aspects of the Mars Mission - by Walter Victor, Robert Titsworth, and Eberhardt Rechtin 373 

Nonconventional Communication Devices for the Mars Mission? - by Keeve M. Siegel and Murray H. Miller 389 

Use of Radar Techniques to Select a Martian Landing Site - by Keeve M. Siegel 396 

Power Supply Aspects of the Mars Mission - by Ralph Balent and J. R. Wetch 404 

PART 6: MARS EXPLORATION AND MISSIONS 

The History of the Concepts about Mars - by Willy Ley 435 

Preliminary Design of Mars Basing - by Percy H. Bliss and Bruce W. Hall 446 

Use of Extraterrestrial Resources for Mars Basing - by Ernst Steinhoff 468 

Vehicle Design for Exploration of Mars - by A. M. Lippisch 501 

PART 7: RECENT ASTRONOMICAL DATA ON MARS AND EVIDENCES OF LIFE 

Optical Studies of the Surface and Atmosphere of Mars - by G. de Vaucouleurs 519 

A Theoretical Study of the Martian Ionosphere - by R. B. Norton 533 

Evidence of the Existence of Life on Mars - by William M. Sinton 543 

Some Remarks on the Color of Mars - by Clyde Tombaugh 552 

Cartographic Exploration of Mars - by Robert W. Carder 554 

PART 8: SCIENTIFIC VALUE OF THE MARS TRIP 

Biological Exploration of Mars - by Carl Sagan 571 

Astrophysical Experiments for Mars Mission - by Gordon J. F. MacDonald 582 

Remarks on the Meteorology of Mars - by Seymour L. Hess 596 

Panel Discussion - Symposium Synopsis: The When and What of the Mars Trip - Moderator: Walter Orr Roberts; Panelists: W. H. Clohessy, A. G. W. Cameron, Jack Kraft, Maxwell W. Hunter, II, and Clyde Tombaugh 599 
 
 


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